Fixed Asset Register

Depreciation as per Companies Act is the systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life. There are four inputs required to calculate depreciation – Useful life, Residual value, Depreciable Amount, and Ready to use Date.

Useful life is the period over which an asset is expected to be available for use by an entity. Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, specifies useful lives for this purpose. Calculation as per the useful life is true commercial depreciation bringing the financial statements prepared according to international standards.

Users can make calculations of depreciation as per the Companies act based on an asset’s useful life supported by technical advice, even though such lives are higher or lower than those specified in the said schedule.

The Methods of calculation of depreciation as per companies act are:

Straight Line Method – The asset is depreciated equally every year over the asset’s useful life as a percentage of the Initial Cost. Depreciation is calculated for a year and proportionately adjusted if used for less than a year.

Written Down Value Method – The method distributes the asset depreciation unevenly throughout its life. It books higher expenses in the early years as assets have higher productivity and carrying value in earlier years instead of the later years of their lives.

Unit of Production Method – The depreciation on an asset can be provided, where appropriate, based on the units expected to be obtained from the use of the asset. The calculation is based on the output capacity of the asset rather than the number of years.